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Wednesday 28 November 2012

Reverse Osmosis And Its Areas Of Use

By Gloria Gardner


Reverse osmosis Frisco refers to a membrane technology filtration used to remove large ions and molecules through the application of pressure on a solution stated on one side of a membrane. The solvent passes through the membrane whereas the solute remains on one side where the pressure is applied. The solvent is supposed to naturally from the area of low concentration to the one with low water potential.

External pressure is applied to reverse the natural flow, thus causing osmotic reversal. Though similar to other membrane based technologies, this process and filtration have great differences. This process through a semi permeable membrane was observed first by Jean Antoine Nollet in 1748. The membrane used in this process of forcing the reversal of the natural movement is made up a thick layer.

The natural pressure must be overcome by the application of much stronger external and opposite pressure. For fresh and brackish water pressure of two to seventeen bar must be applied. Forty to eighty two bar of pressure is applied for seawater. This application is common in the purification of drinking water.

Water purification systems in households are used to improve water for cooking and drinking and they include a step of osmotic reversal. These systems include a number steps. To trap particles such as calcium carbonate and rust a sediment filter is used.

In the food industry, this process is used to concentrate liquids from food and is much more economical than the conventional methods used. In the dairy industry, this process is used to reduce shipping costs by concentrate. The wine industry used to avoid using this process but eventually started widely using it.

The removal of 70 to 90% water content n the sap used to make maple syrup is done by the use of reverse osmosis Frisco. High temperature exposure and energy consumption reduction are also benefits of using this method. Car washes have also been known to use this method to purify their water.




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